VIP

Description

VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) is a 28-amino acid neuropeptide belonging to the glucagon/secretin superfamily. First isolated from porcine duodenum, VIP is widely distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems, gastrointestinal tract, and immune system. VIP exerts its effects through two G-protein coupled receptors: VPAC1 and VPAC2, which activate adenylyl cyclase and increase intracellular cAMP. The peptide has been studied for diverse physiological roles including vasodilation, smooth muscle relaxation, immunomodulation, neuroprotection, circadian rhythm regulation, and gastrointestinal secretion. Research has demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory properties through inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production and promotion of regulatory T-cell differentiation. VIP has also been investigated for neuroprotective effects in models of Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease. Supplied as a lyophilized powder. For research use only.